Econ 4524: Economic History of the United States

American Growth and Inequality

In Democracy in America, Alexis de Tocqueville marveled at the equality of conditions
in the new United States. This course examines his observations about America
through the early nineteenth century and his predictions about the country's future.

About This Course

In his travels to the United States in the 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville noted the equality of conditions that existed relative to the Old World. The historical record suggests that equality of conditions has not always been a feature of the American economic landscape. This contrasts with the experience with economic growth, which has been sustained (with a few exceptions) over the last more than 200 years.

In the context of Tocqueville's Democracy in America, we will consider the evidence for his observations through the middle of the nineteenth century and whether his projections survived the advent of industrial capitalism and structural changes in the American and global economies. We will cover the application of economic methodologies, including theories of growth and analysis of data, to understand economic and institutional change from the American Revolution through the Civil War, the emergence of the modern economy, and periods of crisis in American history (e.g., the Great Depression and World War II). We will consider the benefits and consequences of growth for different social groups as well as reasons for optimism or pessimism about the future of growth and inequality.

Economic Theory

Apply economic theory to analyze historical events and institutional change.

Historical Data

Use historical data to evaluate causal arguments about growth and distribution.

Growth & Inequality

Analyze the relationship between economic growth and inequality over time.

Policy Context

Put current policy issues in historical context to understand contemporary challenges.

All materials (lectures, required readings, etc) will be available on this page. You should complete readings before we cover the topic in class. I recommend A New Economic View of American History from Colonial Times to 1940 by Jeremy Atack and Peter Passell to learn more about US economic history.

Course Outline

★ required reading 🎶 audio/podcast • supplementary

Can Capitalism and Democracy Coexist?

Week 1

Production Functions

Week 2

The Americas Before and After Columbus

Week 3

The Colonial Economy

Week 4

The American Revolution

Week 5

The Early Republic

Week 6

Slavery and the Civil War

Weeks 7–8

The Development of American Agriculture

Week 9

The Market Revolution

Week 10

From Industrialization to Big Business

Week 11

The Age of Mass Migration

Week 12

The Great Depression and World War II

Week 13

Education, Skills, and the Evolution of Work

Week 14

The Future of US Growth and Inequality

Week 15

Grading

Attendance (Required)

Missing more than three classes will result in a full letter grade reduction of your final grade (e.g., an "A" becomes a "B"). Each additional three classes missed will result in a further letter grade reduction.

Literature Review (10%)

Find a research article published in the Journal of Economic History, Explorations in Economic History, or Economic History Review for each topic. Identify a table or figure from the article, give a brief description, and provide a proper citation.

Government Document (15%)

Find and describe a government document related to US economic history in Norlin Library. Provide evidence that you came into physical contact with the document, describe it, and discuss why it is useful for understanding an aspect of US economic history.

Analysis (15%)

Propose a question or hypothesis and then use the Historical Statistics of the United States to answer the question or test the hypothesis. Download a data series, construct a figure or table, and discuss how it addresses your question or hypothesis.

Exams (60%: 25% Midterm + 35% Final)

One in-class midterm exam and a final exam on the date and time set by the University. All exams are cumulative.

Office Hours & Email

I encourage you to attend office hours or to set up a time to meet outside of office hours. You should come to office hours prepared with questions or ready to discuss course material. Office hours are the appropriate forum for addressing questions about course material or policies. Use email to set up a time to meet outside of office hours, if necessary.